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Cell-Cultured VS Young Plasma Exosomes
Dian Ginsberg, MD FACOG ABAARM
Stem cells are a population of cells with unique abilities to self-renew and recreate functional tissues. They are primarily classified by their differentiation potential, origin and lineage progression. Adult multipotent stem cells exist as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), and endothelial progenitor stem cells (EPCs). All these subtypes of stem cells have been extensively trialed for the treatment of human diseases.
Exosomes are secreted by almost all cell types including stem cells and when in combination with a complex composition of cohorts, they have been posited as a safer and more versatile alternative to stem cell therapy without exhibiting the disadvantages their cellular counterparts present.
Exosomes are considered advantageous to use over stem cells for treating aging and illness due to their unique properties that offer targeted, efficient, and low-risk delivery of therapeutic molecules without the complexities associated with whole-cell therapies. Here are the key reasons why exosomes may be preferable:
1. Lower Risk of Immune Rejection and Inflammatory Response
• Exosomes are small, cell-derived vesicles containing therapeutic proteins, RNA, and lipids but lack the full cellular components that can trigger immune responses. This means they are less likely to provoke immune rejection or inflammation, making them safer for broader applications.
• Unlike stem cells, exosomes do not carry cellular DNA, which reduces the risk of tumor formation or unwanted cellular transformations, a significant concern in stem cell therapies.
2. Efficient and Targeted Delivery of Therapeutic Signals
• Exosomes naturally serve as communication vehicles between cells, carrying and delivering proteins, growth factors, and microRNAs directly to target cells. This targeted delivery allows exosomes to promote cellular repair, regeneration, and anti-inflammatory effects more precisely than stem cells, which often rely on the body’s response to their presence.
• Exosomes can cross biological barriers, such as the blood-brain barrier with great ease, making them suitable for treating neurological conditions and agingrelated diseases that stem cells may struggle to reach.
3. Reduced Risk of Uncontrolled Proliferation
• Exosomes, being cell-free, eliminate the risk of complications like cell migration, uncontrolled cell proliferation, and other risks, including regulatory, associated with cellular treatments. Exosomes are nanoscale, spherical, and lipid bi-layered single membrane extracellular vesicles, which act as intercellular messengers. Exosomes have been regarded as miniature versions of their parental cells, partially because exosomes from a certain cell type provide cell-specific or unique sets of biomolecules.
Natural young Fresh Frozen Plasma (yFFP®) that is collected from healthy sex identified volunteer donors between the ages of 18-25 contains a perfected balance of 1.84 billion exosomes per ml (1.84 trillion per liter).
However, young plasma comes with the additional benefits of 10,500+ individual proteins (different fractions of albumins, fibrinogens, immunoglobulins, alpha-2-Macroglobulin, eNAMP, VPS35, etc.), 5,000 different peptides (including LL-37 antimicrobial peptide, GDF-8, GDF-11 growth and differentiation factors), 50 different sex specific hormones, 45 cytokines (including Interferons), enzymes, glycoconjugates, lipids, nucleic acids, metabolites and other bioactive substances, and minerals.
yFFP’s bio-preserved complex mix of cohorts works together with its exosomes’ messenger RNA and microRNA signaling in a process that incorporates multiple factors, such as the biogenesis, loading, release, uptake, and delivery of quantumly active molecules to improve the function of aging, injured or diseased cells, tissues and organs. These essential and biologically living allies reduce inflammation, oxidative stress, slow and repair tissue degeneration in their parent cells, including optimizing tissue remodeling in damaged skin, modulating the activity of immune cells, improving the blood supply, regenerating collagen, and most importantly, reactivating dormant stem cells.
Although stem cell-based therapy has demonstrated considerable potential to manage certain diseases more successfully than conventional surgery, it nevertheless comes with inescapable drawbacks that might limit its clinical translation. Compared to stem cells, yFFP is legal for a practitioner to administer due to its approved status. Twenty percent of the currently transfused ten thousand units per day are collected from young donors. That has now produced a twenty-four-year documented history of extraordinary safety without ethical issues, including the fact that frequent donations of plasma are detoxifying for young donors, which promotes both neurogenesis and longevity.
Due to young plasma’s regenerative nature in restoring much of tissue specific stem cells’ regenerative capacities, it can be safely and beneficially used in a wide range of therapies, such as treating neurodegeneration, and improving vascularity, diabetes, retinal diseases, joint-pain, wounds, and age-related conditions.
Exosomes in plasma from young donors can boost the face’s natural healing, especially when micro-needled into, and not simply topically onto, the skin. Thus administered, skin will be able to rebuild itself in a natural, healthy way from the inside out. Facial rejuvenation with young plasma, popularly called a ‘Vampire Facelift’, can increase skin collagen in the treated areas by up to six-fold and increases elastin levels by up to 300% (Bioscience Institute). yFFP is also a potential treatment option for hair loss, owing to its regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. yFFP and its exosomes are also significantly therapeutic for orthopedic treatments by promoting tissue repair and regeneration in osteoarthritis, cartilage degeneration, tendon or ligament injuries, tendonitis, tendinopathy, bone fractures or non-unions, avascular necrosis, cartilage injuries, conditions associated with inflammation, tissue damage, and loss of function.
Additionally, yFFP can potentially improve the underlying causes of ED, and provide a vaginal rejuvenation treatment due to its regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic properties.